Tech
The Man who had wings of fire.
Excellence is a continuous process and not an accident – APJ Abdul Kalam.
Our Former President APJ Abdul Kalam was among the great leaders India had and the world needs. Simplicity and Integrity defined him. Kalam loved interacting with students, his Birth anniversary is fondly marked as Student’s Day.
Kalam dreamt to be a fighter pilot in Indian Air Force but was merit out as only 8 slots were available and he secured the 9th position, he was shattered. He said in his book,“It is only when we are faced with failure do we realise that these resources were always there within us. We only need to find them and move on with our lives”. He didn’t make it to IAF, but this failure turned out quite well as we got a leader who was respected beyond political boundaries. He played a pivotal technical and political role in strengthening India’s position globally. He was a key member of the civilian space and military missile programme.
Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was born on October 15, 1931, in a poor Tamil Muslim family in Rameswaram.
After completing his graduation from Madras Institute of Technology in 1960, he joined DRDO and worked as a scientist. Kalam was groomed by Vikram Sarabhai and Satish Dhawan, they were his mentors. In 1969, Kalam was transferred to ISRO where he was the project director of India’s first Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV III) which successfully deployed the Rohini satellite orbit. He made an effort to develop the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV), which turned out to be successful.
In the 1970s, Kalam also directed two projects, Project Devil and Valiant, which sought to develop ballistic missiles from the technology of the successful SLV programme.
During the same period powerful countries amalgamate to prevent the spread of technologies and disarmament of other countries, signed treaties like Non-proliferation Treaty (NPT), Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty(CTBT) and to combat these Missile Technology Control Regime(MCTR) India started its advance Indigenous missile programme.
He was the chief executive of this Integrated Guided Missile Programme which developed missiles like Prithvi, Trishul, Akash, Nag and technological demonstrator Agni. He is the brainchild behind India’s current ambitious missile programme.
Kalam believed in Made in India and to be strong India needs to design, develop and protect itself. He profusely said this programme was a step towards a self reliant India.
He led the weaponization of strategic Nuclear tests in Pokhran under the Bajpayee Government and made India a Nuclear weapon state. India’s nuclear era emerged on 11th May, 1988 also celebrated as National Technology Day.
He worked towards societal upliftment in the defence sector which led to a number of developments in the medical field. In 1998, along with cardiologist Soma Raju, Kalam developed a low cost coronary stent, named the “Kalam-Raju Stent”. He introduced the lightweight fro and calipers for polio affected, made of glass filled polypropylene reducing weight from 4kg to 400gms, this carbon composite material was the brainchild of Kalam when he was director at DRDL also used at the tip of Agni missile.
He served as 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007. He secured backing from all political parties, a people’s leader in true sense.
After his term ended he returned to a life of education and public service. He was served with many honorary degrees and awards including India’s highest civilian honour Bharat Ratna(1997), Padma Vibhushan(1990) and Padma Bhushan (1981).
He was a scientist and our beloved politician, he also liked to write poetry in Tamil, learnt playing Veena, listening to Carnatic music and writing books, including Wings of fire, Ignited minds, India: Vision 2020 and many more.
Kalam’s vision for development of our country was something he worked on till his last moments. He left us doing what he was most admired for – teaching. On 27th july, 2015 a magnificent presence was withdrawn, he collapsed while delivering a lecture in IIM Shillong, followed by an apparent cardiac arrest.
INTERSTELLAR ENGINE : Let’s make a moving sollar system ImageNothing in the Universe is static. In the milky way, billions of stars orbit the galactic center.Some, like our sun, are pretty consistent, keeping a distance of around 30,000 light years from the galactic center, completing an orbit every 230 million years.
This dance is not an orderly ballet – more like a skating rink filled with drunk toddlers. This chaos makes the galaxy dangerous. Our solar neighbourhood is constantly changing, with stars moving hundreds of kilometers every second.
Only the vast distances between objects protect us from the dangers out there. But we might get unlucky in the future. At some point we could encounter a star going supernova. Or a massive object passing by and showering earth with asteroids.If something like this were to happen we would likely know thousands, if not millions of years in advance. But we still couldn’t do much about it.Unless… we move our whole solar system our way Image A INTERSTELLAR ENGINE Stellar engines are a class of hypothetical megastructures which use a star’s radiation to create usable energy. The concept has been introduced by Badescu and Cathcart. Some variants use this energy to produce thrust, and thus accelerate a star, and anything orbiting it, in a given direction .The creation of such a system would make its builders a Type-II civilization on the Kardashev scale.
A Stellar engine have a capacity to move a whole solar system. But a question arise “Here how can we move a whole solar system with the help of a single stellar engine ? ” .The answer is as simple as question i.e by simply moving out the sun. As we move the sun all the planet and asteroid under his will move along sun on his path .
There are lots of idea about a stellar engine and its working.
We can make 2 type of stellar engine on are current understanding of physics.
1) Shkadov Thruster
2) Caplan Thruster
Shkadov Thruster Image
One of the simplest examples of a stellar engine is the Shkadov thruster (named after Dr. Leonid Shkadov who first proposed it), or a Class A stellar engine.[4] Such an engine is a stellar propulsion system, consisting of an enormous mirror/light sail—actually a massive type of solar statite large enough to classify as a megastructure—which would balance gravitational attraction towards and radiation pressure away from the star. Since the radiation pressure of the star would now be asymmetrical, i.e. more radiation is being emitted in one direction as compared to another, the ‘excess’ radiation pressure acts as net thrust, accelerating the star in the direction of the hovering statite. Such thrust and acceleration would be very slight, but such a system could be stable for millennia. Any planetary system attached to the star would be ‘dragged’ along by its parent star. For a star such as the Sun, with luminosity 3.85 × 1026 W and mass 1.99 × 1030 kg, the total thrust produced by reflecting half of the solar output would be 1.28 × 1018 N. After a period of one million years this would yield an imparted speed of 20 m/s, with a displacement from the original position of 0.03 light-years. After one billion years, the speed would be 20 km/s and the displacement 34,000 light-years, a little over a third of the estimated width of the Milky Way galaxy.
Caplan Thruster
Astronomer Matthew E. Caplan of Illinois State University has proposed a type of stellar engine that uses concentrated stellar energy to excite certain regions of the outer surface of the star and create beams of solar wind for collection by a multi-Bussard ramjet assembly, producing directed plasma to stabilize its orbit, and jets of oxygen-14 to push the star. Using rudimentary calculations that assume maximum efficiency, Caplan estimates the Bussard engine would use 1015 grams per second of solar material to produce a maximum acceleration of 10−9 m/s2, yielding a velocity of 200 km/s after 5 million years, and a distance of 10 parsecs over 1 million years. While theoretically the Bussard engine would work for 100 million years given the mass loss rate of the Sun, Caplan deems 10 million years to be sufficient for a stellar collision avoidance. His proposal was commissioned by the German educational YouTube channel Kurzgesagt.
When we talk about the biggest revolution, most people think about the different revolution coded by their colour as for example, the green revolution, the white revolution, the pink revolution, etc. Some also might think about the Russian revolution or the Iranian revolution. But according to us, these revolutions are nothing as compared to the modern day Digital revolution. It has completely changed the way we live our life, and as for me Digital revolution could be considered as the biggest revolution in the history of human civilisation.
INTRODUCTION OF COMPUTER
Rajiv Gandhi, also known as the ‘Father of Information Technology and Telecom Revolution of India’ was the man who introduced computer in India. His introduction was followed by a series of riots, as people thought that bringing computer to the country will make everything automated, and thus will cause loss of jobs. Well, now it surely proves that he had a great vision for the country and that he knew that the computer was the only way to help in the development of the country.
AUTOMATION OF MACHINES
Factories all over India, now mostly have computers operating them with minimum staffs operating the machines, which made people believe that computer education is a must as it increased jobs opportunity, reduced the cost of machine repairing, and also thus helping in the development of the country. It has also helped in less error occurrences that might occur when in the hands of the human beings. Reduced labour charge because of reduced use of human hands has also caused in the reduced cost of production of products, thus reducing the selling price of products and even helping the company in targetting customers with lower income potentials.
DEVELOPMENT IN HEALTH SERVICES
An important field computers impacted on is the medical field. The computers helped the hospitals out very much. In pharmacies, the pharmacists use computers to keep a record of what medication to give to a patient and the amount they need. Most computers in the hospital are used to keep data of patience and their status. Computers also keep track of equipment placement and status as well. Scientists need the help of computers to find cures for diseases that need cures like cancer and STDs. Without the computers help, cures for a lot of diseases wouldn’t have been found. Computer helped the medical area a lot and we are grateful for that since they keep track of our health.
CONNECTING WITH FRIENDS AND RELATIVES
The telecom revolution also added up to the development of the country by helping people to connect with their friends and relatives over thousands of kilometres. Applications like Facebook, Instagram, Whatsapp, has helped people to stay connected with their loved ones. Video calling used widely after the development of the 4G connection in India has made people in believing that distance has nothing to do with bonding. Upcoming 5G connection in India will provide even faster internet connection over time, video calling in the upcoming future telecommunication upgrade can make the people to be seen life like whilst in a video call.
HELP IN THE CORONA PANDEMIC
The corona pandemic has surely destroyed the daily routine of people, but even after that, the digital revolution made sure that our daily is not left behind whilst fighting the pandemic. Offline classes were changed to online with teacher teaching their students with the help of a presented screen. Private companies made their employees to work from home. People attended conferences with other people staying thousands of kilometres away whilst enjoying their morning coffee. Frustrating Monday mornings were not frustrating anymore, as people need not get up early in the morning, do the daily chores and rush for the metro, instead they could just wake up and instantly start attending the meeting.
5G CONNECTION NEWS
CEO of Jio, Mukesh Ambani has till now confirmed that “5G connection would be available to use by the mid 2021”, not before that. But, even then it will not be available for everyone to be used by people door to door. It could be available for use for everyone in India from door to door, only after 2022 January. So, buying 5g phone will not be recommendable if you are not living in Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, or Chennai. Airtel recently tested it’s 5g network in Hyderabad using the 1.8GHz band. Airtel CEO, Gopal Vittal believes that a true 5G experience is possible only after the government allocates mid-band spectrum (2.2-3.7 GHz) for the new networks, which hasn’t happened yet. Once, the necessary spectrum is available, Airtel believes it’s networks can deliver 10 times higher speeds while reducing latency 10 times.
In simple words, Digital revolution has played a major role in the development of the country throughout. It has not only introduced major job opportunities, but has also reduced the workload from the workers and has also helped people to stay connected from a thousand kilometres. Leaving these, there might be a thousand which we might have forget to mention.
